20 Types Of Windows

Windows, like common structural elements, have long been recognized as essential architectural elements because of their multiple functions. While providing views, daylight and natural ventilation, they insulate heat and cold from external threats and accentuate the appearance of the façade. It is through them that we can connect with and enjoy our surroundings, with windows acting as a visual bridge between the interior and the exterior.

Windows have a myriad of practical and decorative functions, and choosing the right type is crucial; it must meet specific spatial needs and user requirements, and respond to existing conditions such as orientation, climate and location. Windows can vary in size, thickness, glass type, frame material, movement, sealing method and degree of transparency. Modern technology has also developed innovative glazing features, from fire-resistant panels to security and acoustic performance. All of these factors combined or through various combinations can greatly influence ventilation, lighting, energy efficiency and safety, as well as defining a project's identity and aesthetic language.

To inspire architects, designers and homeowners in the selection process, below we present 20 different types of windows, grouped according to how they open, their form, frame material and performance qualities - characteristics that can, of course, be combined into almost endless configurations.

oo1  /   Open mode

Swivel

Rotating on a centrally located or off-frame vertical axis, these swinging windows feature smooth, continuous motion and a sleek, modern aesthetic.

Folding

As its name suggests, folding windows are characterized by their ability to bend and close together when opened. They quickly and easily open up spaces, integrate the exterior, provide uninterrupted views, and allow users to pass through.

Casement

Casement windows are fixed to the frame by one or more hinges on the side, similar to a traditional door. Usually installed on single or double sash, they open to allow full ventilation from top to bottom.

Pivot

Pivot windows are basically casement windows that swing vertically rather than horizontally. They are usually found in high or narrow places - such as above doors or other windows - and usually seal well. 

Tilt

Tilt windows tilt towards the room and remain fixed at the bottom. They can be opened when ventilation is needed, but still remain highly secure and rainproof.

Tilt & Turn

Widely used in kitchens and bathrooms, these windows feature a hinged mechanism that allows them to open in two ways: they can open fully like a casement window, or they can open slightly tilted inward, creating a small opening at the top.

Horizontal sliding

Sliding windows open horizontally on a track and move from one side to the other. Because they are easy to control and don't require extra space to operate, they are a popular choice for porches, decks and smaller, more compact rooms.

Sliding upwards

Windows that slide upwards are another great way to save space, and are a big advantage for tight spaces or anywhere you don't want to place an outward opening window.

Sliding down

Downward sliding windows also move vertically to meet different space requirements. Thanks to new technology, these windows even have the potential to be lowered at the push of a button.

oo2  /   Frame profiles

Wood

Because wood frames are susceptible to moisture and insect damage, they often require regular maintenance. However, they come from a renewable resource and are very versatile, providing a warm, timeless, nature-inspired look.

Steel

Although they can be quite heavy, steel windows are strong, secure and particularly suited to sleek and modern designs. They are also easy to maintain, versatile and recyclable. In some cases, the frame actually has a timber core material which is then coated with steel.

Vinyl windows are made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is a plastic material. They are used in a wide range of forms and stand out for their durability, insulating properties, cost-effectiveness and low maintenance.

Aluminum

Aluminum frames are known for their sturdiness and can last up to 30 years. They are also 100% recyclable, thermally efficient and virtually maintenance free, which explains their popularity in many buildings.

oo3  /   Window Forms

Frameless Windows

Like glass walls, frameless windows have no visible frame around the perimeter. Thanks to structural glazing technology, they can be realized completely frameless or with minimal frames. Either way, the resulting modern look allows for maximum views and transparency.

Fixed Windows

Fixed windows are those where the panels don't move and are held firmly in position so they frame the view, accentuate design elements and maximize light transmission. Often, they are combined with hung or casement windows to provide air circulation.

Skylights

Fixed or ventilated skylights are essentially roof openings covered with glass. They can come in a myriad of shapes, sizes and forms, creating a delightful light filtering or dramatic focal point effect that immediately draws attention.

Box

With its classic geometry, the box shape was one of the first window shapes. These typically have great sound and thermal insulation, which is a plus.

oo4  /   Glass Performance

Soundproof

Although acoustic windows cannot completely block out all noise, they do make rooms quieter. This can be achieved in several ways: adding more layers of window glass, increasing the distance between them or using laminated glass.

Fireproof

Fire rated windows are made of several layers of tempered glass with an intumescent interlayer that will not break in the event of a fire (unlike conventional glass windows). The outer layer of glass breaks up when heated, causing the intumescent interlayer to expand and block the flames.

Safety

Security windows use reinforced glass that has been specially designed not to break easily, and if it does, small, non-lethal particles are formed. To ensure maximum safety, glass is best used in conjunction with security profiles and reinforced hardware.